MAHATMA GANDHI

 The period from 1920 to 1947 had been described as the Gandhian Era in Indian Politics. During the period, Gandhi spoke the final word on behalf of the Indian National Congress in negotiating with the British Government for constitutional reforms, and for chalking out a programme for the national movement.Mahatma Gandhi led the national freedom struggle against the British rule. The most unique thing about this struggle was that it was completely nonviolent.Mohan Das Karamchand Gandhi was born on 2nd October, 1869 at Porbandar in Gujarat. After finishing his early education in India, he sailed to England in 1891 and qualified as Barrister. In 1894, Gandhi went to South Africa in connection with a law suit.The political career of Gandhi  started in South Africa where he launched a Civil Disobedience Movement against the maltreatment meted out to Asian settlers. In 1916, he returned to India and took up the leadership of National Freedom Struggle.After the death of freedom fighter and congress leader Bal Gangadhar Tilak on August, 1920, Gandhi became virtually the sole navigator of the ship of the congress. Gandhi had whole heartedly supported the British during the 1st World War (1914-1919). The end of war, however, did not bring the promised freedom for India. So Gandhiji launched many movements to force the British to concede India its Independence. The well known being: Non Co-operation Movement (1920), Civil Disobedience Movement (1930) and Quit India Movement (1942).The British passed the Rowlett Act in 1919 to deal with the revolutionaries. Gandhi made the Rowlett Act an issue and appealed to the people to observe peaceful demonstration on April 6, 1919. Gandhi's call for peaceful demonstration met with tremendous response. It led to mass demonstrations in Punjab and Delhi. The Jallianwala Massacre (1919) was a sequel of this agitation. The Indian people were shocked by the way the British conducted themselves. Gandhi them launched a non-co operation in 1920 against the British rule. On 12th March 1930, Gandhi started his Civil Disobedience with his famous 'Dandi March' to break the salt laws. Many leaders and persons courted arrest. Then followed the Gandhi-Irwin Pact for the participation of the congress in the Second Round Table Conference in 1931. On March 1942, Sir Stafford Cripps came to India with his proposals which were rejected by all political parties. The failure of the Cripps Mission led to unprecedented disturbances. Disillusioned and disappointed, the congress passed at Bombay the Quit India Resolution (August 8, 1942). The British were asked to leave India forthwith. The moving spirit behind the resolution was Gandhiji. The Quit India Movement was the greatest challenge to the British empire.Gandhi was a great leader, a saint and a great social reformer. He was pious, truthful and religious. He believed in simple living and high thinking. Every body who came in contact with him were so deeply influenced by his personality. He was a Champion of democracy and was deadly opposed to dictatorial rule. Gandhi showed India and the World the path of truth and non-violence. He believed that it was truth alone that prevailed in the end. Gandhi believed that real India lived in more than five lakhs villages uplift. According to him India's real emancipation depended on Swadeshi i.e. boycott of foreign goods, use of khadi encouragement to village and cottage industries.Gandhi began to work day and night for the freedom of his country. He and his brave followers went to jail again and again, and suffered terrible hardships. Thousands of them were starved, beaten, ill treated and killed, but they remained true to their master. At last his noble efforts bore fruit and on August 15,1947, India became free and independent. Gandhi defeated the mighty British empire not with swords or guns , but by means of strange and utterly new weapons of truth and Ahimsa. He worked all through his life for Hindu- Muslim Unity and the abolition of untouchability. Gandhi worked hard for the upliftment of the Harijans, the name given by him to the untouchables. Gandhi declared untouchability a sin against God and Man.Gandhi wrote his famous autobiography under the title 'My Experiments with Truth'. Gandhi always stood for communal harmony, but he himself was shot dead by a religious fanatic Nathuram Godse on 30th January, 1948. The whole World mourned his death.Concluding Remarks: Some one had quipped: "If they had not thrown Gandhi out of the train in South Africa, the English would not have too much trouble from him." Gandhi, the young Attorney, vowed to oppose such unfair treatment- through non-co operation and other nonviolent means.Gandhi's ultimate search was for righteous conduct. The means are more important than the end, he maintained; with the right means, desired ends will follow. In time, he was proven right- almost always. His struggles and actions were but external manifestations of his struggle to evolve his own value system. Mahatma Gandhi better known as the father of Nation because it was he who got freedom for us. He was the maker of Modern India.Mahatma Gandhi led the national freedom struggle against the British rule. The most unique thing about this struggle was that it was completely nonviolent.Mohan Das Karamchand Gandhi was born on 2nd October, 1869 at Porbandar in Gujarat. After finishing his early education in India, he sailed to England in 1891 and qualified as Barrister. In 1894, Gandhi went to South Africa in connection with a law suit.The political career of Gandhi  started in South Africa where he launched a Civil Disobedience Movement against the maltreatment meted out to Asian settlers. In 1916, he returned to India and took up the leadership of National Freedom Struggle.After the death of freedom fighter and congress leader Bal Gangadhar Tilak on August, 1920, Gandhi became virtually the sole navigator of the ship of the congress. Gandhi had whole heartedly supported the British during the 1st World War (1914-1919). The end of war, however, did not bring the promised freedom for India. So Gandhiji launched many movements to force the British to concede India its Independence. The well known being: Non Co-operation Movement (1920), Civil Disobedience Movement (1930) and Quit India Movement (1942).The British passed the Rowlett Act in 1919 to deal with the revolutionaries. Gandhi made the Rowlett Act an issue and appealed to the people to observe peaceful demonstration on April 6, 1919. Gandhi's call for peaceful demonstration met with tremendous response. It led to mass demonstrations in Punjab and Delhi. The Jallianwala Massacre (1919) was a sequel of this agitation. The Indian people were shocked by the way the British conducted themselves. Gandhi them launched a non-co operation in 1920 against the British rule. On 12th March 1930, Gandhi started his Civil Disobedience with his famous 'Dandi March' to break the salt laws. Many leaders and persons courted arrest. Then followed the Gandhi-Irwin Pact for the participation of the congress in the Second Round Table Conference in 1931. On March 1942, Sir Stafford Cripps came to India with his proposals which were rejected by all political parties. The failure of the Cripps Mission led to unprecedented disturbances. Disillusioned and disappointed, the congress passed at Bombay the Quit India Resolution (August 8, 1942). The British were asked to leave India forthwith. The moving spirit behind the resolution was Gandhiji. The Quit India Movement was the greatest challenge to the British empire.Gandhi was a great leader, a saint and a great social reformer. He was pious, truthful and religious. He believed in simple living and high thinking. Every body who came in contact with him were so deeply influenced by his personality. He was a Champion of democracy and was deadly opposed to dictatorial rule. Gandhi showed India and the World the path of truth and non-violence. He believed that it was truth alone that prevailed in the end. Gandhi believed that real India lived in more than five lakhs villages uplift. According to him India's real emancipation depended on Swadeshi i.e. boycott of foreign goods, use of khadi encouragement to village and cottage industries.Gandhi began to work day and night for the freedom of his country. He and his brave followers went to jail again and again, and suffered terrible hardships. Thousands of them were starved, beaten, ill treated and killed, but they remained true to their master. At last his noble efforts bore fruit and on August 15,1947, India became free and independent. Gandhi defeated the mighty British empire not with swords or guns , but by means of strange and utterly new weapons of truth and Ahimsa. He worked all through his life for Hindu- Muslim Unity and the abolition of untouchability. Gandhi worked hard for the upliftment of the Harijans, the name given by him to the untouchables. Gandhi declared untouchability a sin against God and Man.Gandhi wrote his famous autobiography under the title 'My Experiments with Truth'. Gandhi always stood for communal harmony, but he himself was shot dead by a religious fanatic Nathuram Godse on 30th January, 1948. The whole World mourned his death.Concluding Remarks: Some one had quipped: "If they had not thrown Gandhi out of the train in South Africa, the English would not have too much trouble from him." Gandhi, the young Attorney, vowed to oppose such unfair treatment- through non-co operation and other nonviolent means.Gandhi's ultimate search was for righteous conduct. The means are more important than the end, he maintained; with the right means, desired ends will follow. In time, he was proven right- almost always. His struggles and actions were but external manifestations of his struggle to evolve his own value system. Mahatma Gandhi better known as the father of Nation because it was he who got freedom for us. He was the maker of Modern India.

Does Earth and other planets revolve around the Sun?

                   It is normally believed that the movement of the earth around the sun is called Revolution. Due to the revolution of the earth, just like a year, seasons also takes place. Besides revolution, the bent of the axis of the earth also plays an important role in the occurring of seasons. 

                   This fact is believed to be the universal truth. But now, the new scientific revelation (conspiracy theory) tries to prove that this is not a complete truth. They base their argument on the fact that - The Sun is not static in the universe but it travels. It travels at an estimated  speed of about 225 km per second. 

                 The speaker in the following video speaks about different movement to make it a point that all the planets swim in the universe along with the Sun like shoal of fish in the ocean.

Please give your comments on this.   

TYPES OF WATER BODIES

1. Ocean:        An ocean is large water mass covering maximum area of water surface on the earth.

2. Sea:
   A small water mass separated from ocean is called sea.

3. Bay:
   When the water of ocean is separated and is surrounded by nearby land mass, it is called a bay.

4.Gulf:
   A small, tapering water mass formed by the ocean massater, upto the coast is called a gulf.

5. Strait:
    A long, narrow belt of ocean water connecting tow large water masses is called strait.

6. River:
    A river is a natural flow of freshwater from the slopes of higher areas towards lower areas.

7.  Lake:
     A water mass accumulated in a lower (depression) area on the surface of the earth is called lake.

8. Wells:
    Wells are there where there is abundant water in the interior of the earth.

9. Artesian wells:
   Artesian wells are there where the base of the water is deep.

10. Ground water:
      Rain water is accumulated in the pervious rocks through joints, holes, fissures, or cracks in the rock strata, below the surface of earth. This water is called ground water.

HOW TO BE TRUE TO YOURSELF.....

You're almost done putting together pieces of your perfect life, but there's one major part left: YOU. Taking care of your friends and family is important - but it's just as important to take care of yourself. So . . . who are you ? What do you want out of life? What do you love, what do you hate? When it comes to building your life, figuring out who you are and who you want to be is the most important thing of all. That means asking yourself the right question --- and deciding that, no matter what, you're going to be true yourself.

Being true to yourself is no easy task. And that struggle is part of the journey to discovering your truth and claiming it as your own. Shakti Gawain said that, “Every time you don’t follow your inner guidance, you feel a loss of energy, loss of power, a sense of spiritual deadness.”And it goes even deeper than this.If you ignore your truth for too long, it begins to really effect you on a physical level.A lot of people think being true to yourself is a negative thing. That you’re being selfish. Self-centered even. These thoughts are just way off the mark.

True To Yourself In 3 Simple Steps 

You Are Unique – Accept

1. There’s never going to be another you. Ever. You are unique. A snowflake of sorts. Start to embrace that fact. Accept yourself, quirks and all. We’re all walking contradictions in some shape and form. I like Buddhism and UFC. It is what it is. I don’t fight it. And the more that I embrace myself the better my life becomes.

1. 
   

1. You Are Unique – Discover

1. People throughout the ages, including Malcolm X have said, “You’ve got to stand for something or you’ll fall for anything.” So what are your truths? What do you believe in? What are YOUR opinions? What have you learned from your own experiences? What kind of experience have you created for yourself? What do you want to create now?

1. 
   

1. You Are Unique – Share

Do you like to sew? Write? Sing? Start to share that with the world. Embrace the fact that maybe your friends and family would rather watch the Hills than listen to your latest poem. Then go out and find some poets and poetry lovers to share your passion with.

HUMANITY

• What actually is humanity? Where to start? What to mention ? 
• humanity means to be human, to have consideration and concern for others, not being selfish.
• Why isn't there more concern and compassion for people dying of hunger unnecessarily?
• Why isn't there more concern and compassion for people dying from wars unnecessarily?
• Why isn't there more concern and compassion for people who are unnecessarily homeless?
•  This could go on and on.
• If humanity is really one consciousness then people would be more empathetic to strangers and even enemies. People would naturally realize that hurting another is hurting yourself and everyone with any awareness at all would know that you should treat others the way you want to be treated. 
• Humanity can also talk about the qualities of a person that makes them human.
• Humanity is a religion.
• Human beings should not believe in Hinduism or christianity or islam. Their first religion should be ‘humanity’. Considering ‘humanity’ as religion, is to consider humans as God. The motto of this religion should be ‘Manav Seva ej Prabhu Seva’.

                                        

THOUGHTS

It is better to know some of the questions than all of the answers.

The people who think they are happy should rummage through their dreams

One is easily fooled by that which one loves.

Education is not the filling of a pail, but the lighting of a fire

A man who does not lose his reason over certain things has none to lose. New opinions are always suspected, and usually opposed, without any other reason but because they are not already common. There are two kinds of people in one's life—people whom one keeps waiting—and the people for whom one waits

How glorious it is—and also how painful—to be an exception

Happiness is not a station you arrive at, but a manner of traveling. —

Almost any man knows how to earn money, but not one in a million knows how to spend it.

When you are right, no one remembers; when you are wrong, no one forgets. The only thing we have to fear on this planet is man.

Fear is a disease that eats away at logic and makes man inhuman. 

People love to talk but hate to listen. 

A nickname is the heaviest stone that the devil can throw at a man

In every real man a child is hidden that wants to play. 

Happiness isn't something you experience; it's something you remember. 

The highest purpose is to have no purpose at all.

मेर प्रिय शिक्षक

हमारा जीवन ज्ञान बिना अधुरा हे। हमें ज्ञान पाने के लिए आलस्य छोड़कर पढना  होता हे। पहले के ज़माने में शिष्य आश्रम में पढने जाया करते थे। आश्रम में गुरु पढ़ते थे। और पढाई ख़त्म हने के बाद गुरु को गुरु दक्षिणा दी जाती थी।आज कल के आधुनिक युग में गुरु दक्षिणा की जगह पैसे (फी) ली जाती हे। और आश्रम की जगह  में पाठशाला में पठते हें। वहा हमें सब सुविधाए मिलती हें।

वेसे तो मेरी पाठशाला में सारे शिक्षक मेरे प्रिय हे। उसमेसे सबसे प्रिये मीणा मेम हे। वे हमारे शाला के आचार्य हे। वे हमारा सामाजिक ज्ञान का विषय लेते हे। वे बहुत अछी तरह पठते ते हे। वह क्रोधी हे अगर हम उनका कहा न मने तो वे डटते हे वर्ना वे बहुत अच्छे हे। वे इस बार पहेली बार हमारा विषय ले रही हे।

वेसे मेरे वर्ग में कई शिक्षक आते हे। वे सभी बचो को अपने बचो की तरह पठाते हे। मेरे वर्ग में आते सभी शिक्षक मुझे पसंद हे।

શૈશવન સંસ્મરણો

આજે હું ધોરણ સાત મા અભ્યાસ કરુ છું .આમ તો, આજે પાણ હું નાની  જ કહેવાઉ। તેમ  છતાય મને મારુ  શૈશવ ખુબ યાદ આવે છે.  શૈશવ એટલે બાળપણ। બાળપણ કોને ન ગમે? મનુષ્ય જીવન ની સૌથિ શ્રેષ્ઠ આવસ્થા બલાવસ્થા છે.

મને યાદ છે કે હું જયારે સાવ નાનો હતો ત્યારે મને કોઈ પાણ જાત ની ચીંતા ન હતી.મારી ચીંતા તો મારી મમ્મી -પપ્પા, અને મારા દાદા -દાદી કરતા. બાળપણ માં મારા મમ્મી મને સારુ -સારુ જમાડી મને ખુશ કરતા. જો તાવ આવ્યો હોય તો મને કડવી દવા આપી મારુ ખુબ ધ્યાન રાખતા. મારા આરોગ્ય વિશે હંમેશા સંભાન રહેતા અને દરરોજ મીઠા હાલરડા ગાઈ ને મને સુવડાવતા.

હું જ્યારે ચોથા ધોરણ માં આવી ત્યારે મને મારા દાદા શાળા એ મુકવા આવતા. રસ્તા મા અમે ખુબ સરસ વાતો કરતા. જો પપ્પા મને  ક્યારેય ખીજાય તો મારા દાદી મને પોતાના ખોળમાં બસાડી લેતા.પપ્પા  મને  રાત્રે આંક પુછતા. દરરોજ મારા મુમમી મને ભણાવતા પરીક્ષા માં મારો પ્રથમ નંબર આવે એટલે મારા મુમ્મી પપ્પા મને આઈસ ક્રિમ ખવડાવતા. 

જ્યારે હું પાંચમાં ધારણ માં આવી ત્યારે મને શાળા માંથી એક વાર થપકો મળ્યો હતો. એ વખત ની ઘટના મને યાદ છે કે રીસેસ માં અમે બધા મિત્રો સાથે મળી ને રમતા હતા. ત્યારે એક છોકરા ની આંખ માં મેં ધૂળ નાખી હતી. અને તે છોકરો ખુબજ રડ્યો. તેની આંખ માં થી ધૂળ કાઢવા ખુબ જ પાણી છાટીયુ છતા   પણ તેનું રડવાનું બંધ ન ધયું. મારા વર્ગ શિક્ષક અને આચાર્ય શ્રી મને ખુબ ખીજાય।. તેમના બીકના લીથે મને તાવ પણ આવી ગયો હતો. અને બીજા દિવસે પણ હું શાળા જવા ત્યાર ન હતો. મારા પપ્પા એ મને ખુબ સમજાવ્યું અને ભવિષ્ય માં ક્યારેય આવી ભૂલ ના કરવી તે કહ્યું. હું શાળા ની દરેક પ્રવૃત્તિ માં ભાગ લાતી  અને તમા નંબર પણ લાવતી. 

હું જયારે છઠા ધોરણ  માં આવી ત્યારે મારા મિત્રો ઘણા વાથી ગયા હતા. જેમાં અમુક તોફાની પણ હતા. તોફાની મિત્રો સાથે રહી મારા તોફાન પણ વધવા લાગ્યા. અને અભ્યાસ માં હું નબળો પડતી રહી. શિક્ષક મારા પપ્પા ને ફરિયાદ કરી અને એ ફરિયાદ ને કારણે મારા માં ઘણું પરિવર્તન આવ્યું. માં તોફાની મિત્રોનો સાથ ચડી દીઠો અને ખુબજ ધ્યાન દઈ આભ્યાસ કરવા લાગ્યો. વાર્ષિક પરીક્ષા માં મારો બીજો નંબર આવ્યો.

શૈશવ માં વડીલો પાસે થી લાડ પ્યાર લેવો અનો અનેરો આનંદ હોય છે. કોઈ પણ પ્રકાર ની ચિંતા હોતી નથી. મિત્રો ની સાથે રહી ને અભ્યાસ કરવો, રમતો રમવી, મજાક મસ્તી કરવી આયુ બથું તો બાળપણ માજ શક્ય બને છે. હું જયારે બાલમંદિર માં હતો ત્યારે મને આકડો પણ ન આવડતો. એ અત્યારે યાદ કરું છુ તો ખુબ હસવું આવે છે. એકડો શીખતા મને પાકો એક મહિનો થયો  હતો.

ખરેખર બાળપણ માનવું જ જોઈએ. જો બાળપણ માં કોઈ આનંદ મસ્તી કાર્ય ન હોય તો કોઈ જાત નું સ્વર્ણ રહતું નથી. મિત્રો સાથે બસી ને જયારે આપણે આપણા  શેશાવ ના સંસ્મરણો  ને યાદ કરીએ છીએ ત્યારે ખુબ આનંદ આવે છે.

મારું શૈશવ મારો અમૂલ્ય ખાજોનો છે.

Pollution of Environment

                                   Environment is meant of trees, water etc. natural things. Nature is natural. It cannot made by man. So, we should take great care of nature. But, now a days as we use big vehicles there is pollution of air. Pollution means adding impurity to environment. If pollution continues the day is not far when earth will be a boiling pan and become a desert. Pure air is always need for inhalation. Smoke pollutes the air, It is the root of air pollution. If air we breath, Water we drink and the soil which produces our crops vegetables and crops. all become more and more impure. Then our chances of good health will be very less and less. Impure water from industries can be sent back for purification and then it can be used for irrigation purpose. We also have a minister to look after the environment.