Showing posts with label poet laureate. Show all posts
Showing posts with label poet laureate. Show all posts

Monday, 20 December 2021

Assignment 104: Alfred Tennyson

This Blog is an Assignment of paper no.: 4 Literature of Victorians in this assignment I am dealing with the Alfred Tennyson who is representative writer of this age.

Alfred Tennyson



Outline of Tennyson’s Life:

Tennyson was the third of 11 children born to William Hazlitt Tennyson, who would later become the Dean of Westminster, and Elizabeth Hallam, who had been born to a wealthy landowner. His siblings were Ann, Catherine, Fanny, George, Maria, Emily, Elizabeth, Mary, Alfred, and Charles.Tennyson was raised in a conservative household, in spite of his family’s relatively progressive views on politics and religion. As a child, Alfred was taught by a clergyman, and was encouraged to read the Bible for himself. In his youth, he was influenced by the Romantic movement in British culture, and by the French Romantics of the time. He met Wordsworth, and even attended meetings of the Romantic Society. His father, Christopher Tennyson, had been born in Ireland and had moved to Somersby, Lincolnshire, England, in the late eighteenth century. When Alfred was six, his parents moved to Lincolnshire, settling in the village of Alphington near Brigg. In 1818, the family moved to Somersby, where they remained for the rest of his childhood.

Tennyson left Cambridge after three years, never quite finishing his degree. The Cambridge Apostles was a society of upper-class students at Cambridge University in the nineteenth century. It was composed of young men who had shared the same tutors in their youth while attending the prestigious Westminster School, including the poets Robert Browning and Alfred Lord Tennyson.

Alfred, Lord Tennyson was one of the greatest poets in the English language. He was known for his blank verse, often referred to as “polarised” because it contained so few adjectives. His poems have a timeless quality, and his approach to poetry can still be inspiring today. He was also the Poet Laureate during much of Queen Victoria’s reign, and today he is often quoted and referenced.Tennyson was also a passionate believer in the natural world, and was a vegetarian his whole life, even after he became an alcoholic. In 1836, he published “Locksley Hall,” which was the first part of the four-part poem The Idylls of the King. It was a classic of the Victorian era, and is now the most well-known British poem in all of literature.

In this poem, Tennyson uses a technique called “apodosis.” Apodosis,’ or “negative apodosis,” is a rhetorical device that allows the poet to use a word or phrase in a way that is completely different from how it appears in the sentence, so that the listener or reader is surprised and caught off guard. It is a way to emphasise a word or phrase.


Poet Laureate and some works: 

In 1850, after William Wordsworth’s death and Samuel Rogers’ refusal, Tennyson was appointed to the position of Poet Laureate, a position he would hold for the rest of his life. He was the third person to hold the position, following Wordsworth and Rogers. He was also the first poet to hold the position. During his time as Poet Laureate, he travelled around England giving poetry readings and lectures, and was also responsible for writing the poetry for the National Gallery in London.


He moved to London in 1850, finding work as a journalist and also writing poems and articles for publication. In 1853, at the age of 26, he was named Poet Laureate, a position previously held by the great Romantic poets William Wordsworth and Samuel Taylor Coleridge. The following year, he published the first part of his most famous poem, The Idylls of the King.


In 1850, after the death of William Wordsworth and the refusal of Samuel Rogers to take the position of Poet Laureate, Tennyson was appointed to the position. He was forty years old, and was the first man from a middle-class background to hold the position.

He returned to Lincolnshire and began writing, first poetry and then plays. In 1850, after the death of William Wordsworth and the refusal of Samuel Rogers to take on the role of Poet Laureate, Tennyson was appointed to the position.


He understood that the Poet Laureate was expected to write poems for major national occasions, and he began to write poems for important events such as the opening of Parliament, the coronation of Queen Victoria, and the Golden Jubilee of Queen Victoria. He also began to write poems for the general public, which were published in magazines and newspapers. During his time as Poet Laureate, Tennyson continued to write both poetry and plays. In 1853, he published the first part of his most famous poem, The Idylls of the King.


His first major public poem was The Lady of Shallot, which was published in 1851 and is about the doomed love affair between the Lady of Shallot and Sir Lancelot. As his official duties as Poet Laureate expanded, so did his responsibilities as a poet. He continued to write poems about the subjects that interested him most: the natural world, the human heart, and the Divine.

In this way, he hoped to help spread the popularity of poetry among a wider audience.

His first publication as Poet Laureate was a long poem, The Princess, which was published in 1853.


Poems by Two Brothers:

In 1826 two brothers, Frederick and Charles Tennyson, jointly published a small collection of poems, Select Sentence. Dated 1827 on the title page, these poems were mostly written by Charles, with some co-written with Frederick. The poems in Select Sentence provide us with an early glimpse at the two brothers' writing styles and their literary influences.

In 1826, two poems were published, which would become the first two published poems by two brothers. These two poems were written by Alfred, with the help of his brother Charles. They were published together on the same title page, but the poems themselves were dated 1827 on the title page. These poems, called Poems by Two Brothers, are considered to be the first published works of Alfred, who would go on to become one of the best-known poets in the English language.

In July 1826, two poems by the sons of the Earl of Tennyson were published. One was written by Charles, the older brother, while the other was written by Lionel, the younger. The poems were printed without a title page, so it is impossible to know which poem was written by which brother.


The poems of Two Brothers are a fascinating insight into the writing process of the young poet A.E. Much of what we know of the poems today is thanks to the efforts of his older brother, Charles, who published the poems in 1826 under the title Poems by Two Brothers. The poems were actually written by A.E. Tennyson with the help of Charles, who provided some of the final touches. It is clear that A.E. Tennyson had a large input into the final text, as evidenced by the unique style that he went on to develop as an author.


On a summer’s evening, when the moon was bright, Beneath the shades of a deep forest's night, Two brothers met, who had long been estranged; Their purpose was to combine their skill; To find a way to earn a living.


In Memoriam:

The distance, the years, the silence, in the end it all seems a lie. It is a story, a poem, a song that lives on, for the man who was my father. For the man who was my father is no more, and he has left me in a world without him. He has left me to live in this world without any knowledge of what it meant to have him, without any knowledge of what it meant to be his daughter.


A.H.H. was one of the first poets to use artificial intelligence in his work. His poem “In Memoriam A.H.H.” was a work of poetry written in honour of his beloved and passed-on Anya. Short and concise, the poem was written using a complex text generation system. The system used deep learning algorithms to learn how to generate text in a style similar to that of A.H.H. The system was also “trained” by A.H.H. himself, by feeding it large amounts of his poetry.


In memoriam A.H.H. was written by Alfred, Lord Tennyson as a memorial for his friend Arthur Henry Hallam, who died at the young age of twenty-eight. Hallam was the son of a bishop, and the two had a close, platonic friendship. The poem is mostly an expression of Tennyson's grief and his desperate attempt to come to terms with the permanence of death. It is also a meditation on the nature of time, and on the ways in which our lives are shaped by our experiences.

Alfred, Lord Tennyson, the Victorian era's most celebrated poet, was known for his melancholy, introspective verse. In 1849, he published "In Memoriam A.H.H.

In memoriam A.H.H., whose name was Latinized as "Deceased Husband, A.H.H.


As to Tennyson's attitude towards the deepest problems of human concern, it is only needful to say that it comes out chiefly in that poem In Memoriam on his dead friend, which so many delicate and loving souls know almost by heart, and which in the last resort gives the hopeful answer of faith to the terrible questions it propounds.


Thank you


Sunday, 10 October 2021

Lockdown - Simon Armitage

Lockdown

English poet and novelist Simon Armitage has been awarded the Queen’s gold medal for poetry for his body of work “giving voice to those rarely admitted into poetry, and extending an arm around the unheard and the dispossessed”. The award, which was created by King George V in 1933 at the suggestion of the then poet laureate, John Masefield, is decided by a committee headed by the laureate – currently Carol Ann Duffy, in her final year in the role. 

Summing up the committee’s decision, Duffy praised Armitage as “boundary-breaking”, spinning “poems of emotional weight and musical grace from the fabric of our everyday lives”.


Simon Armitage has written a poem to a prevailing situation of Lockdown and Corona virus that is slowly being implemented across the UK. The story is beautifully weaved. It takes us to Eyam in the East and captures the beauty of the West. Here, the poem is talking about the two different dreams he had and that both dreams show that there was the same time which prevailed in the past and the people of society have gone through the hard times which we are going through in this Corona Pandemic. Both the dreams recollects the beautiful love- story in which one couple is separated by the Plague Pandemic and in the other a man is exiled by the king for neglecting his duties and a husband and wife are separated.

Alongwith, we see here an attempt by Simon Armitage to bring the feeling of togetherness by portraying the two different far ends, pointing the story of East and West together in the poem. Revealing the truth that the whole world is the same in the eyes of nature or God, the same situation prevails throughout the lands. All men are caged, nature is not separated by borders as the humans have separated the land. “the journey a ponderous one at times, long and slow but necessarily so.” This is the last line of the poem which says that the journey, the journey of the pandemic period or also we can say the journey of the poem is clumsy, long and slow but it is necessary, the pandemic journey has brought us to real sense and real world. We get so busy in our hectic schedule that we don’t even spare time for the heath. But this pandemic has just placed a temporary full stop to stop looking around, spare time with loved ones and to see how our nation is facing this difficult time. The situation was not same for all some were enjoying their time with family and some were longing for shelter, walking thousands of mile to their beloved once but as Simon Armitage said - “long and slow but necessary so”

And I couldn’t escape the waking dream

of infected fleas

in the warp and weft of soggy cloth

by the tailor’s hearth

in ye olde Eyam.

Then couldn’t un-see

the Boundary Stone,

that cock-eyed dice with its six dark holes,

thimbles brimming with vinegar wine

purging the plagued coins.

Which brought to mind the sorry story

of Emmott Syddall and Rowland Torre,

star-crossed lovers on either side

of the quarantine line

whose wordless courtship spanned the river

till she came no longer.

 

Here is the first half of the poem which exhibits the first dream of the Poet. The poet wakes with a dream of infected fleas, infected fleas were the cause of Plague pandemic which emerged from the rats. To portray the situation the dreadful Plague poet refers to the small English village Eyam. Villages were separated by the ‘boundary stone’ the stone was placed between villages as a boundary no people were allowed to cross that boundary stone in order to reduce contagious plague infection.they placed a vessel filled with Vinegar and while selling or sharing of things that placed the coins in vinegar. They used vinegar as we use the sanitizer today to clean and uninfect the products.


Also the story of star crossed lovers Emmott Syddall and Rowland Torre. A story of heartbreak concerning Emmott Sydell and Rowland Torre, separated from one another when the village of Eyam quarantined itself during an outbreak of the Plague, They both used to meet. The lovers would arrange to meet secretly but at a distance minimizing any risk of Rowland catching the disease. But suddenly Emmott stopped appearing to Rowland yet Rowland visited the place regularly with the hope of meeting. After the safe time was announced Rowland was the first one to re-enter Eyam but found that Emmott died in the plague. In the church of Eyam the glass paintings are present displaying this love story.

                                 

 


But slept again,

and dreamt this time

of the exiled yaksha sending word

to his lost wife on a passing cloud,

a cloud that followed an earthly map

of camel trails and cattle tracks,

streams like necklaces,

fan-tailed peacocks, painted elephants,

embroidered bedspreads

of meadows and hedges,

bamboo forests and snow-hatted peaks,

waterfalls, creeks,

the hieroglyphs of wide-winged cranes

and the glistening lotus flower after rain,

the air

hypnotically see-through, rare,

the journey a ponderous one at times, long and slow

but necessarily so.

 

It is the second half of the poem. In the first half the poet describes the plague situation and the Love story related to the East area. Now the poet carries further the poet with talking about the West region or area.  Here poet refers to the sanskrit poem of the one of the greatest sanskrit poets  ‘kalidas’ meghdoot’. Yaksha,  who had been banished by his master to a remote region for a year, asked a cloud to send a message of love to his wife. The port beautifully depicts the Eyam of Plague time and here he is considerably depicting the beauty of the West, the cloud which followed through the earthly maps. Cloud passed through the camel traits, cattle tracks, and stream of necklaces, looking at fan- tailed peacocks and painted elephants. Here the poet reveals the beauty of the West, Further talking about the geographical area of the West. Connecting beautifully the East and West in the same poem, the poet ends with saying that yes the journey is clumsy, slow and long but it's necessary.


The poem has great poetic rhythm ending with the rhyming words. It makes poems more interesting and enjoyable while reading. Comparing it to personal experience I can significantly relate my lockdown experience with the poem. We all were stucked and faced a time when we were constantly in the fear of getting infected. It was a time when we couldn't even talk to or meet our friends. In gujarati we have a saying ‘પહેલો સગો પાડોશી’- first and best relatives or our relation is with our neighbours, but it was a time when we were not even able to help our neighbours or friends. We were not able to be part of anyone’s happiness or sadness. The time came as the life long lesson to be learnt that i'd any difficult situation comes in life learn to face it alone stand alone. Also, it resulted in the best productive and creative time, best time when mind and body rested completely out of whole hectic schedules. On the other hand, it was the worst time for 50-60% of the world. We hope that as the situation of the pandemic is improving, things go on to a better part rather than getting the next wave.

[words count:1245]

My Learnings from the National Workshop on Academic Writing (2026)

The National Workshop on Academic Writing  I recently had the opportunity to participate in the National Workshop on Academic Writing (2026)...